Data Management

Introduction to Data Management
Data management is a control program functions that provide access to data sets, enforce data storage conventions, and regulate the use of input or output devices. In all information systems, data resources must be organized and structured in some logical manner so that they can be accessed easily, processed efficiently, retrieved quickly, and managed effectively. This blog entry will first introduce about the fundamental data concepts of data management, then we will look at the changes of data management technology : from traditional file to data warehouse.

Fundamental Data Concepts
These fundamental concepts are all about how data are organized in information systems. If there is no systematic way to store and retrieve data, it is too difficult to get any information from an information system. Therefore, data resource should be organized in some logical manner. Data are logically organized into characters, fields, records, files, and database.

Character: A character is the most elementary logical data element, whereas bit and byte are basic physical storage elements. A character consists of a single alphabetic letter, numeric digit, or special symbol. The character is equivalent to a byte.

Field: The next higher level of data is the field. A field consists of a grouping of related characters. For example, a set of characters in a customer's name makes a name field. A field represents an attribute of an entity.

Record: A record is a collection of related fields. The record represents a collection of attributes that describe an entity.

File: A set of related records makes a file. For example, a customer file consists of many records of customers.

Database: A database is an integrated collection of logically related files. A database combines several records previously stored in separated files.

The Evolution of Data Management Technology

Traditional File Processing
It refers to collections of applications that each define and manage their own files. In the traditional file approach that was used in business data processing for many years, each business application was designed to use one or more specialized data files containing only specific types of data records. Meanwhile each department in the organization will have the same data which are organized, stored, and processed in independent files of data records.An example for traditional file processing is the students data in university : student's address may be needed for registering, library management, financial office, grade reporting and other purpose. Each applications separatelt maintains its data files and programs to manipulate those files. Therefore big posible to comes out different formats for the same data(e.g. length of names), and may cause redundant of updates(e.g. change of address). So what are the drawbacks of traditional file processing?



Problems With Traditional File Processing
Due to traditional file processing turned up to be too cumbersome, costly, and inflexible to supply the information needed for modern business to manage their information systems, it gradually replacing by the database management approach, which we will discuss afterward. Overall file processing systems had the following major problems :

(i)Data Redundancy
Means that separate files created problems of redundancy in defining and storing data. Each independent data files included a lot of duplicated data, which is the same data were recorded and stored in several files. This not only caused wasted of storage space, as well as redundant efforts to enter replicated data and maintain its consistency.

(ii) Lack of Data Integration
Since having data in independent files, it makes more harder for it to provide end users with information for ad hoc requests that required accessing stored in several different files. Special computer programs had to be written to retrieve data from each independent file. This retrieval was so difficult, time-consuming, and costly for some organizations taht it was impossible to provide end users or management with such information.

(iii) Data Dependence
There will be a problem of data definition in application program, where the program valid for only one database with a fixed structure. The organization of files, their physical locations and storage hardware, and the application software used to access those files is depended on one another.

(iv) Lack of Data Integrity or Standardization
Traditional file processing give tendency to separate and isolate logically-related data. Those subsequent data models requires more capture on information because these data elements is to be defined differently by different end users and applications, and appears to be no standardization.
For example :
End User 1 : Address
End User 2 : Addresses
End User 3 : Add

Database Management Approach
Database Management Approach has been created to encounter the main four problems with traditional file processing. It consolidates data into databases that can be accessed by different programs through the usage of database management systems(DBMS).



Database Management System (DBMS)
Database Management System (DBMS) is the main software tool of the database management approach, because it controls the creation, maintenance and use of the databases of an organization and its end users.

DBMS process and organize huge amounts of data and are a vital part of computer systems.
For example, a marketing manager can access a vast store of data on existing and potential customers from surveys, their Web habits, and their past purchases. This information can help the manager sell products and services.
A corporate lawyer has access to past cases and legal opinions from sophisticated legal databases. This information can help the lawyer win cases and protect the organization legally. Regardless of your students’ majors in school, using database management systems will likely be a critical part of their job.

Other examples for DBMS:

•Microcomputer DBMS package
E.g. :MS Access 2003

•Mainframe and server versions
E.g. :Oracle Database 10g, IBM DB2 UBD 8.2, Microsoft SQL Server 2005, Sybase ASE 15

•Open Source DBMS
E.g. :MySQL 5.0

The three major functions of a DBMS are:
1.To create new databases and database applications
2.To maintain the quality of the data in an organization’s databases
3.To use the databases of an organization to provide the information needed by its end users

Database Development involves defining and organizing the content, relationships and structure of the data needed to build a database.

Database Application Development involves using a DBMS to develop prototypes of queries, forms, reports and Web pages for a proposed business application.

Database Maintenance involves using transaction processing systems and other tools to add, delete, update and correct the data in a database.

The primary use of a database by end users involves employing the Database Interrogation capabilities of a DBMS to access the data in a database to selectively retrieve and display information and produce reports, forms and other documents.

Data Dictionary is a software module and database containing descriptions and definitions, that is, metadata, concerning the structure, data elements, interrelationships and other characteristics of a database.



Types of Databases

The 4 types of databases used by business organizations are:

1.Operational Databases
- Also called subject area databases (SADB), transaction database and production database
- Store detailed data needed to support the business processes and operation of a company
- E.g., customer databases, human resource databases, inventory databases



2.Distributed Databases
- The portions of a database at remote sites where the data are most frequently referenced
- Sharing of data is made possible through a network that interconnects the distributed databases
- Any change of data can be accomplished in one of two ways, which is replication or duplication



3.External Databases
- Databases available for a fee from commercial online services, or free from the Web
- E.g., hypermedia databases, statistical databases, bibliographic and full text databases
- Or search engines like, Google or Yahoo

4.Hypermedia Databases
- Documents containing multiple forms of media that can be interactively searched like Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
- E.g., text, graphics, video and sounds



Data Warehouse
Data Warehouse is an integrated collection of data extracted from operational, historical and external databases that have been cleaned, transformed and cataloged for retrieval and analysis (data mining) to provide business intelligence for business decision making.

Data warehouses may be divided into data marts which are the subsets of data that focus on specific aspects of a company (department or business process).



Data Mining
Data Mining is where using special purpose software to analyze data from a data warehouse to find hidden patterns and trends.

For example, many companies use data mining to:
- Perform “market-basket analysis” to identify new
product bundles
- Find root cause of qualify or manufacturing problems
- Prevent customer attrition and acquire new customers
- Cross-sell to existing customers
- Profile customers with more accuracy



But, its main purpose is to provide decision support to managers and business professionals through knowledge discovery.

It also analyzes vast store of historical business data and tries to discover patterns, trends, and correlations hidden in the data that can help a company improve its business performance.

In this globalizations era, data are a vital organizational resource that needs to be managed like other important business assets. Today’s business enterprises cannot survive or succeed without quality data about their internal operations and external environment.

That’s why organizations and their managers need to practice data resource management, a managerial activity that applies information systems technologies like database management, data warehousing and other data management tools to the task of managing an organization’s data resources to meet the information needs of their business stakeholders.

Information system- software
Software is the general term for the various kinds of programs use to operate computers and related devices. While in contrast, the term hardware describe the physical aspects of computers.

Software can be divided into two general classes which is the application software and system software. Sometimes we also used the term middleware to describe programming that mediates between the application and system software or between two different kinds of applicati0n software.

System software consist of low-level program that interact with the computer at a very basic level.
It generates the user interface and allow the operating system to interact with the hardware. This included operating system, compilers and utilities for managing computer resources.

In contrast, application software(also known as end-user programs) include database programs, word processor, and spreadsheets.Figuratively speaking, applications software sets on the top of system software because it is unable to run without the operating system system utilities. For example, a web browsers, e-mail programs, word processors, games, and utilities are all applications. The word "application" is used because each program has a specific application for the user.

Some general kind of application software included:
Productivity software-word processor, spreadsheets, and tools use by most computer users
Presentation software, Graphic software for those graphic designers, CAD/CAM software, specialized scientific application software and lastly the industry-specific software(for banking, insurance, retail and manufacturing environments)

Under the application software, once again it is divided into two general categories, which is the general application software and the function-specific application software.The difference between them shown as below;
General purpose application software is the programs that perform common information processing job for end users, sometime it also called productivity packages.The example is the word processing, spreadsheet, email and so on.
On the other hand, the Function-specific application software accomplish information processing task that support specific business function.There are thousand of these packages support specific applications of end users. The example for it is the accounting software, customer relationship management, enterprise resource planning, supply chain management and web-enabled electronic commence.

IS Hardware -Main frames to micro computers

IS Hardware
Computer size
Computer sizes can be classified into 4 categories according to the support they offered namely
super computers
micro computers
mini computer
main frame computers





Micro Computer System
These are also known as personal computers and are the ones mostly found in big and small office, they are normally standalone computers known PC, or Desktop Computers. Micro Computers are small and expensive designed for individual use. It contains two types of memories RAM and ROM. Some manufacturing companies of micro computers include HP Computers,, Dell Computers, IBM Computers and many more







mini computer systems
mini computers are midsized computers capable of supporting from 4 – 200 users simultaneously. Mini pc are mainly used as departmental computers for data processing in large organization or governmental institutions like hospitals

main frame computer systems
A main frame computer is a very large expensive computer system capable of supporting hundreds and thousands of users simultaneously, most of these computers are found in large organizations like universities, hospitals, world governing body like UN among many others

Super computer systems
Super Computers are the fastest types of computers which were very expensive and requires a lot of mathematical calculations. The first generation of super computer was developed by VON-Newman. This computer generation of super computers had only one controller and was called VON-Newman. Modern super computers systems are equipped with many processors enabling them to to process complex operation, e.g. weather forecast which will needs to be processed within a short period

Computer generationsWithin modern computer systems the basic element of storage is the binary digit (or bit) which can represent a 0 or a 1. The reason for this is that it is very easy to build electronic switches where an off/on condition is used to represent a 0/1 binary value. Although a single bit can only have two states, 0 or 1, a sequence of bits can be used to represent a larger range of values. Such a sequence is called a word of storage and is usually 8, 16, 32, 64 or 128 bits in length. An 8-bit word, for example, can represent an unsigned positive number in the range 0 to 11111111 binary (0 to 255 decimal) thus:

In the diagram above the least significant or rightmost bit, bit 0, represents 20 or 1 and the most significant or leftmost bit, bit 7, represents 27 or 128 decimal (the convention for identifying the bits within a word is that the rightmost or least significant bit is numbered 0). The combinations of 1s and 0s of the 8-bit word thus represent an unsigned value in the range 0 to 11111111 binary (0 to 255 decimal). The general term given to an 8-bit storage word is a byte which is used by the majority of modern computer systems as their fundamental unit of storage. To represent values that are too large to store in 8-bits a number of bytes may be used. For example, a 16-bit number (made up from two bytes) can represent an unsigned value in the range 0 to 65535 decimal. In this way all data, i.e. numeric (integer or real), characters, user defined types, etc. and instructions are encoded.
The reason for using the binary number system is that it is very easy to build electronic switches to represent an off/on or 0/1 binary value. It would be much more difficult, although possible, to build electronic circuits that could take ten states to represent decimal numbers. Programs convert between external information representation (decimal numbers, text characters, programs written in Modula 2, Pascal, Cobol, etc.) and the internal binary form. End-users, therefore have no need to use the binary systems, or even be aware of its use.
The power of a computer system is directly related to the number of these 'electronic switches'. The electronic switches are used to build the:
Data storage. As more data storage is added the size of programs and information held will increase.
Processing circuits. As the processing circuits become more complex the power of individual instructions increases and the mechanisms of accessing and manipulating data become more powerful and flexible. As computer systems developed over the years the technology used to build the electronic binary 'switches' gave rise to 'generations' of systems.
First generation (1940's) The electronic switches were built using thermionic valves. Valves operated on the principal of controlling the electron flow between a heated cathode and a positively charged anode. The electron flow could be 'switched' on and off by varying a negative voltage applied to a grid positioned between the cathode and anode. Using values as the basic circuit element of a computer systems posed problems:
1 valves by their nature were large, typically 2 or 3cm high.
2 by relying on a heated cathode to generate the electrons their life time was limited (typically several thousand hours).
Even the small computer systems used in the 1940's required at least ten thousand electronic 'switches', therefore, first generation systems were large, generated vast amounts of heat, and, tended to break down every few minutes (as a valve died).
Such systems were very expensive, programmed in machine or assembly code and used in applications where even the limited computing power was essential. For example, in code breaking and physics.
Second generation (1950's) The electronic switches were built using transistors. A transistor is fabricated using a semiconductor material (e.g. silicon) where the flow of electrons (or holes) between an 'emitter' and a 'collector' is controlled by a voltage applied to a 'base'. Transistors are much smaller than valves, typically less than half a cm high, required no heat, and had lifetimes measured in ten or hundreds of thousands of hours.
By using transistors it was therefore possible to build computer systems much more powerful than the earlier valve systems, i.e. larger information storage and more powerful processing elements. In addition, the cost of the computer systems decreased to the point where medium sized organisations could afford them, e.g. large commercial or industrial firms and universities. During this period it was realised that using machine or assembly languages to implement commercial quality software was not practical and machine independent problem oriented languages were developed, e.g. Fortran for scientific and Cobol for commercial applications.
Third generation (1960's) The electronic switches were built using small scale integrated circuits. During the 1950's and 1960's the size of the semiconductor wafers or chips used to fabricate transistors increased markedly (see below) to the point where several transistors could be built onto a single chip. It was therefore possible to fabricate a small electronic circuit onto a single chip, e.g. a basic computer 'gate'. These devices with a small circuit on a chip were called 'integrated circuits' or ICs.
Using integrated circuits, computer systems became much smaller and more powerful. Prices reduced and applications increased markedly. Sequences of jobs were organised into batches gaining the title of a 'batch processing environment'.
Fourth generation (1970's to date) The size of the silicon semiconductor chips continued to increase and therefore the complexity of the circuits which could be fabricated:
Small scale integration (typically 2 to 64 transistors per chip) used to fabricated basic circuit elements, e.g.simple gates, AND, OR, EXOR, NOT, etc.
Medium scale integration (typically 64 to 2000 transistors per chip) used to fabricate basic system elements, e.g. counters, registers, adders, etc.
Large scale integration (typically 2000 to 64000 transistors per chip) used to fabricate major system elements, e.g. ALUs, I/O interfaces, small microprocessors, etc.
Very large scale integration (typically 64000 to 2000000 transistors per chip) used to fabricate complete system components, e.g. microprocessors, DMA controllers, etc.
Ultra large scale integration (typically 2000000 to 64000000 transistors per chip) used to fabricate very complex systems, e..g. parallel processors, 1 Mbyte memory chips, etc. As the integrated circuits became more complex system size and costs reduced and power increased. System storage became sufficiently large for several programs to be held in memory at any time with the operating systems scheduling which job could use the processor at any instant, i.e. a multitasking or multiprocessing environment. Although batch processing continued, users could access computer systems 'on-line' from terminals thus reducing the 'turn around' time associated with batch processing.
By the late 1970's a simple processor could be fabricated on a single integrated circuit chip; called a microprocessor. This allowed more and more power to be placed in the user terminal to the point where for simple applications, the terminal became independent and the microcomputer was created.
Fifth generation (?) The computer systems we use today are fourth generation, i.e. more powerful and faster versions of those used over the past ten to twenty years. It is envisaged that fifth generation computer systems will use the same or extended hardware technology but that the operating environment will be totally different. Systems will display 'intelligence' and be able to communicate with humans on more equal terms, e.g. using speech instead of keyboards.

'Faster and larger' are terms that come to mind when looking at the above table. The transition from vacuum tube to VLSI technology has produced an increase in processor speed of four orders of magnitude. This speed up is partly due to the reduction in gate switching time and wire length, and partly due to the miniaturisation of circuits (which allowed caches and extended sets of registers close to the processor). The result is fewer primary memory accesses and better matching of processor and memory speeds. Also with primary memory size that is three or four orders of magnitude larger, more programs and data can reside simultaneously in main memory, this increasing the multiprogramming level of timeshared machines. This has allowed single user microcomputers and workstations to run sophisticated programming environments (in a memory similar in size to the mainframes of the 1960's and early 1970's).
In the context of processors, size reduction has been the most important phenomenon. Microprocessors and workstations have evolved, and in mainframes and minicomputers the numbers of registers have expanded and special ALUs can coexist (floating point, decimal). Special purpose processors called multifunction units, such as I/O controllers, graphics display, array processors for matrix manipulation, etc. can be attached. This extends the concept of 'multi functional' units first implemented on the CDC 6600 mainframe and its successors in the 1960's.
Cache memories are now 'standard' on mainframe and minicomputers and becoming common on the more powerful microprocessors. A cache is a high-speed memory which sits between the processor and primary memory. The goal is to keep copies of the most frequently used words in the cache. Program execution is mainly sequential so when the processor requests a byte from primary memory the byte is fetched plus several bytes following, which are placed in the high-speed cache (during the period when the processor is decoding or executing). When the processor requests the next byte it is likely to be in the cache (the 'hit' rate is typically 80 to 90%). This technique makes the primary memory appear faster than it really is.
Until the third generation the control unit was hardwired (physical circuits wired into the computer). When compact ROMs appeared, these allowed practical microprogramming (the instruction decode and control circuits of the processor are in a 'microprogram' in ROM, thus allowing 'easy' modification of the instruction set). In addition some modern processors have control units that can be microprogrammed by user programs (using RAM instead of ROM), allowing optimisation for certain high-level languages.
The virtual memory techniques developed on the third generation mainframes (to allow programs larger than physical memory) are now being applied to professional single-user workstations. At any instant the vast majority of programs are using very little of the overall code and data. In a virtual memory system the program and data is broken down into 'pages' (typical size 4Kbytes) which are held on disk. Pages are then brought into primary memory as required. This technique allows program size to be much larger than the physical primary memory size (typically a modern microcomputer may have 1 to 4Mbytes of primary memory but a virtual memory size of 16Mbytes).
Although very high density disks have increased the size of secondary memory, there is still a gap of four orders of magnitude between the speed of primary and secondary memory (primary memory speed is less than 0.000001 of a second and secondary memory speed greater than 0.001 of a second). 'Electronic disks' such as bubble memory and CCD devices have not made any significant impact.

A microcomputer: a single user computer system (cost L2000 to L5000) based on an 8-bit microprocessor (Intel 8080, Zilog Z80, Motorola 6800). These were used for small industrial (e.g. small control systems), office (e.g. word-processing, spreadsheets) and program development (e.g. schools, colleges) applications.
A minicomputer: a medium sized multi-user system (cost L20000 to L200000) used within a department or a laboratory. Typically it would support 4 to 16 concurrent users depending upon its size and area of application, e.g. CAD in a design office.
A mainframe computer: a large multi-user computer system (cost L500000 upwards) used as the central computer service of a large organisation, e.g. Gas Board customer accounts. Large organisations could have several mainframe and minicomputer systems, possibly on different sites, linked by a communications network.
As technology advanced the classifications have become blurred and modern microcomputers are as powerful as the minicomputers of ten years ago or the mainframes of twenty years ago.

Initially computers (first and early second generation) were single user stand-alone machines programmed in assembly languages. The users (mainly mathematicians, scientists and engineers) used and operated the machines themselves, feeding in data and waiting for answers. Second generation computers were mainly operated in batch mode, with users punching programs and data onto punched cards and tapes, which were fed into the computer by operators. Commercial use became extensive and the majority of applications programming was in high-level languages. The main problem was that the turn around on jobs was such that only a few runs per day could be achieved. Although third generation computers ran batch streams, the faster processor and larger memories allowed users to access the machine directly from teletypes, running programs under a timesharing operating system (the operating system gave each user program a 'turn' with the processor). Users could type in their programs and data, compile and then execute. As user requirements grew, larger and larger programs became the norm, with expectations of a good response time (under 5 seconds). As processor power increased and size reduced it became possible to put simple processors in the users terminal. The advent of microprocessors allowed these 'terminals' to become stand-alone microcomputers equipped with disks and printers (they could be linked to a host mainframe over a normal terminal line). Today the microcomputer has grown into powerful personal workstations equipped with powerful processors, 1 to 4 Mbytes of memory, 100 Mbyte disk and a high-quality graphics display screen. Such workstations need to have access to information sources on other machines and therefore can be connected to a high speed LAN (Local Area Network). This allows the users to access remote databases, share programs and data, use mail facilities, etc.

Retrieved February 10,2010, from:http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~bb/Teaching/ComputerSystems/Technology&Evolution/Technology&Evolution.htm

~ About The6Girls~

Kong Yuet Tong
My name is kong yuet tong..people use to call me yuet tong...and im from Kampar..i think this is the place where most of the Utarian hate the most... im now taking business administration course in Utar..and this is my year one semester three...when im free, i would like to play games, watch tv, and read my favorite comic "One Piece"...the top five web site that i visit the most are google..wble..student intranet...facebook and youtube...im visit google is because i want to get the information for my study...and i get notes and announcements from wble and intranet...im visit facebook is to play games and get new friends...while im visiting youtube is just to have fun by watching the videos.... usually im using internet to get information from different source for my study and to communicate with friends from different places...

[Chow Hing Wai]
~ a.k.a Catherine ~
~ Kampar,Perak ~ ( kamparian )
~ 16.12.1988 ~
~ 158cm ~
~ Singing, Dancing, Jogging, Swimming, SURT NET!!!
~ Year 1 Sem 3 in Bachelor of Marketing, Utar ~

{Top 5 website}
* Facebook!! - to play my favorite game, FARMVILLE ^^
* Wble - to get the study materials & assignment guideline
* Utar Portal - looking for the student bills & announcements ^^
* Lowyat.net - online shopping. Search for those cheap and nice dress which import from Taiwan, Japan & Korea ^^
* TGV & GSC - searching for the movie and the ticket availablity

{Internet activities}
* play online games
* chatting
* checking mail
* search some information
* watch drama


Wong Pui Ling
About Me???.....

Hello my name is Wong Pui Ling,most of the times people would like to call me Pui Ling,anyway those friends whose very close to me used to call me "Ah Ling".I came from Serdang,Selangor.If you know where is The Mines Shopping Mall located,then Serdang just nearby with it.Recently Im taking Bachelor of Business Administration at UTAR Kampar,a year one sem three student.

About hobbies???.....

I like to reading during my free time,and used to sing a song with very loud volume if I found that Im extremely stressed,tired,or even I could not get in sleep...trust me this is a good cure for me to overcome all circumstances I stated above.It's really works!^^

Top 5 Websites Visited The Most & Why???.....

Similar with most of the UTARian,I do visit often to WBLE(Web Based Learning Environment),UTAR Portal,Hotmail,Facebook,and Cari Forum.

WBLE : as to update study materials and all coursework(E.g. assignments,mid-term tests,and presentations)announcement.

UTAR Portal : updates for co-curiculum,student bill,surveys notification.

Hotmail : great stuff to send assignments,presentation files(E.g.Microsoft Words,Microsoft Powerpoint),and check for my email inbox.But normally is forward messages from friends.

Facebook : for all entertainment purpose XD(games,tag photos and videos of friends)

Cari Forum : in Chinese version,I used to surt all the information that Im interesting about(latest beauty trends,UTAR and KTAR's info,foreign language e.g.Thai language)

Top 5 Internet Activities???.....

(1)instant messengers.(i.e.windows live messengers)

(2)play Bejeweled Blitz on Facebook

(3)reply comments on Cari Forum

(4)read latest articles and posts on Cari Forum

(5)use PPStream to watch drama(especially my favourite Thai drama^^)

That's all about me,please stay tuned with our blog as we are going to tell you more about Information Systems,if you have any suggestions with our blog please feel free to leave comments so we can refer on it and improve better,have a nice day ;-)

aU yOnG hAoYiNg
Briefly write about myself??
First of all,i'm au yong haoying,usually my closer friends like to call me haoying,some of them like to call me auyong,and most of the lecturer used to call me auyong i think maybe because of the name is too long and very difficult to be remember and i think i like the most is to stay at home and have a good rest to have a nice time with family members besides can have a nicer sleep at home because the time when i will at home sure there is no class for that particular day. I'm currently taking my degree for business administration at Utar and have information system as one of my main paper for this current semester.
What about the top 5 websites i'm visiting the most??Reasons?
I think the most will be,
(a)WBLE=web based learning
This is because our notes and midterm announcement are all uploaded to here so if cant access to it is really troublesome for us,rite UTARIANS?
(b)UTAR Intranet
Intranet having all sort of news regarding the cocuriculum we are participating, past years papers, the student bills we will have to pay for every semester,personal informations and so on.
(c)Hotmail
A useful and convenient website for us to send email and receive emails.
(d)Google
Another very good and useful website which just type an important words can help us find the information we need.
(e)Youtube
When i'm free or when nothing to do with i used to log on to youtube because this websites contains of a lot videos which included comedy,my favourite.
The top 5 Internet activities??
Regarding my top 5 activities??
I think will be,
(a)Msn&skype-chatting with friends
(b)Watch movies(by youtube or download from some websites)-especially ghost movies,one of my favourite,so anyone which cant found a friend to accompany with when want to watch a ghost movie feel free to look after me (if i'm free)
(c)Check hotmail-checking everyday in case of any emergencies and information because many things are informing by my emails
(d)Play games from facebook-although i seldomly log on to facebook but i used to play games using facebook
(e)Check the time viewing for the latest movies from tgv and gsc-i used to book my tickets through online in case there is out of stock for that movie or my favourite seat sold off
I think there is briefly about me and enjoy our blog which is made up by the 6 gals.

Tan Keat Li
My name is Tan Keat Li. People use to call me Keat Li but some of them like to call me Kerry. Iam from Alor Star, Kedah which place is near to Thailand. If anyone interest to go Thailand, I can be tourguide. I am year 1 sem 3 student which studying Bachelor Of Business Administration at UTAR.
~My Hobbies~
I like to play basketball. I play basketball since i am 9 years old. Now i must temporary stop playing because of i just finish a operation. I also like to cook when i am free. I like to cook tom yam because i like spicy foods.
~Top 5 Websited I Visited~ *WBLE - to get study materials and all coursework *UTAR Portal - looking for students bills, bus schedule, survays notification, announcements *Facebook - playing games ,tag photos, post comments *Hotmail - checking my mail, send information to friends *Lowyet.net - online shopping, search for cheap and nice thing.
~Top 5 Internet Activities~ *instant messengers * play games at facebook * watch drama * search information * checking mail

Cheong Wai Mun

~~About My Very Own Self~~

First, let me introduce MYSELF...
I am Cheong Wai Mun, my friends used to call me "Mun Mun" or just Wai Mun most of the time. I come from Ipoh, Perak and currently a Business Administration's (Bachelor) student of year one semester three in Utar, Kampar.

What about HOBBIES???
I love listening to the music...at anytime, anywhere...no any particularly like but all kind of music. I'll sing and dance along whenever the music was played. I love watching TV as well, especially during the weekends and holidays when more programmes are on air. Reading is also one of my favourites, I love reading books, novels, comics or just any of the reading material.

My Top 5 Websites...and WHY???
I always surf whenever I have the time and these are the websites that I visited the most and quite often...
(i) Utar Wble & Intranet
This is the website where us, the UTARians can't live without. This is where to
get the most latest information or anouncement and also the updated reading
materials. Students' personal profiles can be even accessed from the Utar Intranet.
(ii) Google
A very useful and good web browser for all of us. It provided services such as e
mail, news, online mapping, social networking, where I like to get additional
information here and read articles which is interesting.
(iii) Youtube
The world's No.1 (and my favourite) video-sharing website with just only ONE
click...very easy isn't it?? then we can watch or upload any videos we would love to
share with others.
(iv) Myspace
I like listening to the music here whenever I'm online because there are varieties of
music we can get from here and most importantly, it's user-FREE!!!
(v) Facebook
A place to get to know friends from all around the world.

Last but not least,
My Top 5 Internet Activities...
(i) Instant Messaging-MSN/Windows Live Messenger
(ii) Play online games
(iii) Watch movies/videos
(iv) Read articles/news
(v) Check mails and search for information